World powers vow to punish N Korea after nuclear test

Source: ALJAZEERA

The UN Security Council has vowed to pursue new sanctions against North Korea after the reclusive country said on Wednesday it had successfully conducted a test on its first hydrogen bomb.
In an emergency session, the council strongly condemned the nuclear test and said it would begin working immediately on a new resolution against Pyongyang, whose nuclear test claim sparked a global outcry even as some officials and experts voiced doubts over its validity.

What exactly are hydrogen bombs?

Hydrogen bombs are more sophisticated and can be thousands of times more powerful than atomic bombs. In an atomic bomb uranium or plutonium is split,causing an explosion. Instead, a hydrogen bomb encloses an atomic bomb in a layer of a compound called lithium deuteride. When the atomic bomb is detonated, a secondary – and much larger – explosion results, producing temperatures of up to 400 million C and powerful shock waves. Given the technical challenge of building a H-bomb, it’s suggested North Korea may have actually tested a so-called “boosted” bomb. “Boosted” nuclear weapons use a small amount of lithium deuteride to energise the reaction, making them more powerful, but are not considered full hydrogen explosions.

The test was in violation of previous resolutions and "a clear threat to international peace and security continues to exist", said the council, which started imposing economic and commercial sanctions on North Korea a decade ago because of its nuclear activity.
UN Secretary-General Ban Ki-moon also condemned North Korea's announcement, calling it "profoundly destabilizing for regional security".
The international community must respond with "steadily increasing pressure" and rigorous enforcement of existing measures, said US Ambassador Samantha Power.
Al Jazeera's James Bays, reporting from the UN headquarters in New York, said there is already a very strict sanctions regime against North Korea in place - although there are suspicions that some countries may not be fully enforcing it.
"Beyond that, all on the Security Council, are aware of the need to tread carefully in order not to further provoke a leader [North Korea's Kim Jong-un] who makes unpredictable, some would rash decisions, and holds a nuclear capability, however primitive."
Meanwhile, US President Barack Obama talked by phone with South Korean President Park Geun-Hye and Japanese Prime Minister Shinzo Abe about the international response to North Korea's nuclear test.
The White House said the countries "agreed to work together to forge a united and strong international response to North Korea's latest reckless behaviour."

A South Korean military official told the Reuters news agency that the leaders of two countries had discussed the deployment of US strategic assets on the divided Korean peninsula, but declined to give further details.
The US State Department confirmed North Korea had conducted a nuclear test but the Obama administration disputed the hydrogen bomb claim.

"The initial analysis is not consistent with the claim the regime has made of a successful hydrogen bomb test," White House spokesman Josh Earnest told reporters.
A US government source told Reuters that Washington believes North Korea had set off the latest in a series of tests of old-fashioned atomic bombs.
Powerful device
Hydrogen bombs use a two-step process of fission and fusion that releases substantially more energy than an atomic bomb.
However, it will likely take several days to determine more precisely what kind of device Pyongyang set off as a variety of sensors, including "sniffer planes", to collect evidence.

How does a hydrogen bomb work?

Pentagon officials told the Washington Post that US air force will deploy the Constant Phoenix aircraft, which allows mission crews to detect radioactive "clouds" in real time and could be used to determine whether the explosion was a hydrogen bomb.
North Korea has a long history of bellicose rhetoric against the US and its Asian allies without acting on it, but Pyongyang's assertion that it had tested a hydrogen device, much more powerful than an atomic bomb, came as a surprise.
North Korea called the device the "H-bomb of justice", but its state news agency also said Pyongyang would act as a responsible nuclear state and would not to use its nuclear weapons unless its sovereignty was infringed.
South Korea said it was not considering a nuclear deterrent of its own, despite calls from ruling party leaders.